This is where the lava stopped …

Pahoa transfer station, lava flow of 2014

… in 2014, just before Pahoa at the local dump (or transfer station as it’s officially called). This is a reminder that outbreaks in that area are frequent and temporary. The Kilauea has been continuously erupting since 1983.

I’ll take this as an opportunity for me to let everyone know, I’m safe. Only a small part of Big Island is critically affected. At the moment it’s mostly the area around Leilani Estate.

Living on Big Island means, living on top of a massive shield volcano – taller than Mount Everest from the sea floor up. Generally speaking, areas in the southeast are younger and more active than in the northwest. This is because the tectonic plate Hawaii is situated on, slides slowly in northwesterly direction over a volcanic hotspot, producing a chain of islands on the go. As the trade winds blow from the northeast, it’s mostly the regions southwest of the Kilauea that battle volcanic smog and occasionally ash.

It’s also an opportunity to explain, why there are no pictures of active fissures and lava flows on my blog. Apart from the fact that it’s dangerous and illegal to go there, I respect the privacy of people who have lost everything or are still battling for their livelihood.

However, for anyone that’s interested, there are still residents that resisted a mandatory evacuation and post regular updates on on Facebook and Youtube. This is about as close as I will ever get to the fissures, too.

Outrigger Canoe Race

Calvin Kelekolio Long Distance Race
Calvin Kelekolio Long Distance Race 2017

Early morning, at a boat race in Honaunau, last preparations are made before the women’s eight mile to Kealakeua bay and back.

Outrigger canoes (wa’a in Hawaiian language) have been invented some 5000 years ago in the South East Asia. In their seafaring form they were used to discover the Hawaiian Islands. The Polynesians were great seafarers and navigated without instruments.

Because stability is created by the distance between outrigger and hull, the form of the canoe can be more hydrodynamically efficient and they are therefore faster. Originally, the canoes were made of the wood of Koa trees. Today, they are made of fiberglass. You will still find traditionally made outrigger canoes in races, but they will race in their own category.

The most common canoe in sports is a six-person outrigger canoe. Outrigger canoes are paddled forward on alternate sides. Paddlers switch sides simultaneously on a call from a designated caller. The steerer, of course, can paddle on either side as needed.

Each paddler has an important role – In the back of the canoe sits the steerer. In the front seat the stroker, (s)he is responsible for setting the pace. Strong paddlers are placed in the middle of the boat. One of them will be designated a caller. In long distant races paddlers will be exchanged from the water, transported there from an escort boat.

Outrigger canoe racing is the state sport of Hawaii and an interscholastic high school sport. The length of a race ranges from short sprints to long distance races. The most famous races are the Molokaʻi Hoe, a 43 mi (69 km) men’s race from the island of Molokai to Oahu, Na Wahine O Ke Kai (same race for women) and the Queen Liliʻuokalani Race held near Kona on Big Island.

Useful information

Useful information in a school book

I found this “useful information” in the back of an exercise book. My co-worker says, this is like something straight out of “Rick and Morty” and not used by Americans. I pointed out that it says “useful information”.

Just to give you an idea:

20 grains (gr.) = 1 scruple

3 scruples = 1 dram

16 drams = 1 ounce (oz.)

24 grains (gr.) = 1 penny-weight (dwt)

2 barrels = 1 hogshead (had.)

8 quarts = 1 peck (pk.)

4 pecks = 1 bushel (bu.)

1 bu. potatoes = 60 lbs.

1 barrel flour = 196 lbs.

128 cubic feet = 1 cord of wood

24-3/4 cubic feet =1 perch of stone

2000 pounds = 1 ton (T.)

2240 pounds = 1 long ton (L.T.)